LED lamps: main characteristics, power, light flux

Title: LED

LED lighting devices, which appeared relatively soon, veche gaining popularity, but arguing for efficiency is not thought and noise. Some insist on an exceptionally high light efficiency, such as quoting all kinds of tables on the light potency on LED lamps, on this argument, others on a high price, picking up for the tripod on the device theses. And so, what are the characteristics of the LED lamp, what are the characteristics of the imat and what is the meaning of it and change the kind old lamp from the lit litter to LED? Let’s take a look at the opi- tame and let’s sort it out, let’s shut it up, let’s close the tazi, a boundless topic.

Containment: 1. LED lamp device 2. Main characteristics of LED 3. Lighting efficiency on LED lamps 4. Advantages and disadvantages of LED lamp

LED lamp device

First of all, let's take a look at what kind of LED cap and how it shines. Presented in 1907 by the British Henry Round, a semiconductor diode under the action of an electric current causes a visible light when the conditions are determined. And despite the fact that from some time ago from the age of 60 before the effect, yes, if put into practice, the beginning is more directed. The technology behind the production of super-bright diodes is perfectly removed, and the light current on the semiconductor is sensible to the naked, which is completely capable of replacing the illuminating caps.

Modern super bright diode

Understanding, the light flow on a single semiconductor is not sufficient, for yes, light it up, yes, in a word, a single flock, but these problems can be forested and even more aggravated through agglomeration to an “electrical plug” from a bit of an LED. Designer dori otidokha far away - they won’t deliver all the semiconductor with their own package, but put a few crystals on a single substrate home. Takiva took these matrices:

Matrix from one hundred chipless diode

Somehow they probably turned white, the gliders of the picture are on the mountain, somehow separate the diodes, and the matrix has one feature - the technology is a light stream and is soaked in one sap. It is very convenient for sglobyavane on the body illuminator, such as spotlights, but not much suitable for scatter of the body illuminator. Why do you need a spotlight for, let's say, watering? How the designers sabikolized these problems, thinking, what else do you see: they simply undermine semiconductors under various angles, pumping a light stream to any device in a certain way.

The light stream on these LED lamps is soaked in almost all the way

Contrary to the fact, che diode, radiant light, and have a lot of high efficiency, often from energy, still using fuel. Ako power on the illuminator is low, no matter how oppressive you are. But for the sake of illuminating one and the same, the light flow to the electric plug with the power from the wool is obviously not sufficient. Therefore, almost all LED illuminators turn on the radiator - the metal is ribbed, some of the toplinate is removed from crystallite and I release the air. In some designs, the radiator is located in the kutiyata, in others you can see it from the outside.Take care of other semiconductors and lighting devices - they include a radiator.

Heatsink in diode caps (leaky) and semiconductor spotlight

And lastly, it is important that it is preserved. Diode se protect from constant and relatively low voltage, so you can't even make direct contact. Before you put a strain on the crystal, that tremble and let it be lowered and correct (direction is constant). The task of this task is performed from a special link - a power controller or a water pump. Usually, the driver is usually inserted into the illuminator or the crusher, so many chordori do not suspect that there is an electronic block on the tozi.

Drivers for the protection of a diode lamp (freely) and an LED spotlight

In addition to the burner functions that monitor the current presdiodyte and gi prepaid from accidental undervoltage and voltage fluctuations.

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Main characteristics of LED

Let's take a moment to characterize the LED device. Basic sa kato for all other lighting bodies:

1. Energy consumption.
2. Ygl on the spread.
3. Generate a bright stream.
4. Color temperature.
5. Factor on the line.

Energy consumption

Tazi figure, duly poked in friendly documentation for all sorts of electrically uredi, characterizes no sense of anything on the light stream (in spite of Che, sort it out, ima vrazka), sharply consummated for energy - electrical power, some kind of consumer device. Measure all in wool (W or W). For example, a 10 W device burns out 10 watts per hour, and in a hundred hours - 10 * 100 = 1000 W / h or 1 kW / h.Everything is a lot simple: little bit of a consumer device, little smart money for electricity.

Ygl on the spread

Tozi is an indicator characterizing the size of the sectors, covered from the declaration of a bright stream. In a conventional device with a pressable button, the sector is almost round; in a single LED semiconductor, as you remember, it can’t be more than 180 degrees (usually about 120). They will exchange the needle on the diffuser for a light stream, not only for the sake of design on the roof itself, but also with the help of reflectors (reflectors) and focusing bream, fences in the lighting equipment. In the time of the illuminators on the scatter on the light stream, maybe even all the time - from measuring the unit for the spotlights at far distances to almost full sphere. For theses, which are offended and projected, the option for lighting with LED strip can be very interesting. That is enough barking and allowing you to get nai-diverse and understand a lot of strangeness on the spread to the light stream, depending on the very imagination of the designer.

Promyana on ygla on razseyvan, depending on the design on the krushkat

Generated light stream

The light flow is a very important characteristic. Without navlizame in scientific terms, we can let's say that the amount of light energy is emitted per unit time. On the other hand, think, thumpingly on the heads and light the stream on the lamp, sensible, shine brightly. Measuring this bright stream in the lumen. But Ima is a single trick, some tryabva and imate foresight when choosing for an illuminating body. The fact is that the stream of light is flowing light energy, emitted from the source.

For a classic mug with a pressurized liquid, for example, a light stream is saturated in all the saps, with the exception of the base, for the LED - the sap itself. This is for the sake of evaluating the light stream on these two devices “on the eye”, and not foresty and send a sin. A single pot with a litter box, some of which produces an increased amount of lumen of the LED, visually it looks a lot darker. The reason is not clear: in the first case, there is a lot more often than Svetlina, sometimes “flying away” from the eyes. But the vednaga trace of the kato krushkata was put before the eyes of the eye, discerned in the brightness of the stave, a little belezhima.

Something else happened, but instead of a diode, some kind of second bright light, pick up the second mug and I put it on the spotlight. The system for focusing on the spotlight is still very “backward” light on the flask in the clear and it’s harder to glare brighter.

Svetlinen stream - tsyalata svetlina, isolated from the light source, regardless of the slug

According to the beginning of the visual, the brightness depends not on the strength of the light stream itself, but also on the light on the dispersion on the tozi stream. Kolkoto is small, it’s sensible to golyama e density on the light stream.

color temperature

It is likely that they have become whiter than the bright light on the conventional spiral cap is much different from the basin on, for example, the fluorescent tubes of the lamp. Tova was visited by the sjzdava from the luminous spectrum to the illuminating body. A single krushka with a spiral is radiantly more red, luminescent light - in blue, some kind of coldness.

In order to distinguish between lighting bodies and these characteristics, the concept of color temperature, which is measured in Kelvin (K), has already been introduced.Kolkoto in a high way, sensible more often the spectrum on the isolation of all the changes is kam signo and sensible visual is “coolly”. LED lighting lamps can also be of different colors and temperatures, so when choosing an illuminator, there is a light stream, sometime, do not take it and look at the same parameters.

Rock for color temperature

Don't bark! The color temperature is nothing to do with the temperature on the device itself, measured in degrees Celsius. LED heats up to 50 degrees, and heats up to 170 and more, but it doesn’t reflect the color temperature.

Factor on ripple

The Tazi characteristic shows a sharply strong pulsir of light, elated from the illuminating body. In an ideal case, nothing is on the line, you understand, the trembling yes, but it’s impossible, but it’s not possible, it’s very safe to do it in the illuminating milieu. And while the pulsation on the crusher from the triggered fluid is not a lot of light for the sake of inertia on the spiral from the triggered fluid, fluorescent and LED devices react to the pulsation to protect the voltage from an instant “sudow” to the light stream. Dory and pulsate and sa invisible “for the eye”, they will not add health to the eyes of the same. If there is a standard coefficient for pulsation on the light flux on lighting devices, it is not shaking and overhanging 10%, and in rooms with a computer - 5%.

Tryabva and let's give credit to the manufacturer - almost all types of illuminators that exist today, inclusive of diodes, are inscribed in these standards. The exception is ruled by the lamp itself with a pressurized plug with a lot of low power (up to 15-20%) and fluorescent lamps with an electromagnetic ballast (40%).What’s up with the LED from the source on the light, they can and tremble zabelezhimo itself, just pick it up in the garage on Chicho Liao and buy it for a stotinka in our close passage.

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Lighting efficiency on LED lamps

Without adding a tasi, the technical characteristic of the general list is important, and I will specially leave it for the last, first, protecting you not for any particular lamp, but for the whole class. And secondly, a trace of the cato stece was done by the light power, you can still sort out the sharply effective tosi or onzi type of body illuminator. Light efficiency is the relation to the light flow of the consumerate power to the lighting body and therefore means lm / W. Tosi parameter literally shows how efficiently the device converts electrical energy into light.

What is relevant to the LED source for light, it is bright with an efficiency of 60-120 lm / W and is adjusted to the technology and the figure will last and grow. Yes, let's say, what do they cast on the lumen for 1 watt LED e 100. Is there a lot or a little? Check out the comparison table:

Comparative table for energy efficiency on different types of lamps

Lightening typeSvetlinna efficiency, lm / W (average cost) LED120Luminescent tube 80Luminescent compact (energy saving) 70halogen 20Clickable lamp15

As you can see from the tabelat, the only well-known compact fluorescent lamp (“energy-friendly”), for example, when the power is reduced to almost 2 five times weaker from semiconductors and analogue. It's shameful to say yes to a lamp with a litter box. 8 from 10 watts, which the LED device bi turned into a light stream, the lampata on Ilich turned into a toplin.Efficiency on the diode illuminator of the body e nai-high-roller due to the lack of light power.

But yes, let's start by sewing LEDs. Is it possible for you to choose such a lamp not as a light stream, but as a consummation for energy? You know how much a lumen is, producing a single LED with a single watt of electricity, disassemble: disassemble everything you can. For yes, you will get a light stream, and it’s enough to multiply the power by the lamp with 80. Take it apart, you’ll get the exact figure, which is the actual light power depending on a lot of factors, including technology for production, material, type and light on the use of LEDs. But the result will be obtained that is suitable for home use.

Don't take it! A coefficient of 80 for generating a light flux from consumer power is suitable for LED lamps alone. Behind the vitchki, the species lighting of the body was still different.

For theses, which do not offend and multiply, I will give a table on the dependence on the light flow from the power to the lamp for devices from different types:

Zhichka LuminescentLEDConsumer power, W Consumer power, W Consumer power, W Svetlinen stream, lm 205-72-32504010-134-54006015-168-107007518-2010-1290010025-3012-15120015040-5018-20180020060-8020-302500 back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑

Advantages and disadvantages of LED lamp

Let's generalize and define the predominance and lack of semiconductor sources for light. Technological advances include:

• Record high energy efficiency... Svetlinnata power on the LED (the ratio of this to generating a bright flow of consummation to energy), somehow we establish, almost from the order of magnitude from the light power on the lamp from the pressed switch, which allows you to significantly speed up electricity.
• Long exploitation belly… It’s not a well-known topic, but it’s interesting to know that the LED lamp still works 20-30 minutes from the lamp on Ilich without much painting on the light stream. And such is the hopefulness of the additional spestering, that catho diode lamp is a shaking breeze and they will be replaced exceptionally in a row.
• Work under the same conditions… LED light bulbs and coils and therefore not insured against vibration and dory strikes. Semiconductor illuminators can be used under the most difficult conditions and at ambient temperatures from -40 to +40 degrees Celsius.
• Almost not all heat up... The maximum temperature, up to some heating, the LED lamp is powerful, not overhanging 60 degrees Celsius. You can use it in the event of a fire hazard.
• Optimum color temperature… Golyamata often from LED lamps, with the exception of a special one, it creates a bright stream, similar to daylight. With tosi, the look of lightening is clearing up a little bit, and you bloom on round objects, not all of them are twisted.

For pity, LED lamps and a lot of significant shortcomings - they still appreciate the high level. But this is partly a cloak with a long exploitative belly and a low consumption for energy. Somewhat better, the development of LED technology, the current, is far from over, which means that in the near future the price of LED sources for light is definitely less.

Now you know, for LED lamps and techniates, the light flow is sufficient, for yes you can decide: how and in what cases do you use semiconductor sources for light in a good way from put the caps on.

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