How is the natural light and how are the cases
Visual perception plays a key role in visual representation. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the necessary level of illumination in one of the main architectural tasks. For yes, allow me, the light from the source (one or more), by supplying a stone, illuminate the spaces and objects. Ako source on lightlina slanchevite lychi (direct or spread pre-cloudy curve), this senarich naturally clarification.
Articles providing a brief guide to natural lightening and asking him: what is natural lightening, what kind of natural lightening is, how is it standardized, how is the document regulated, how does it depend on the characteristic on it, and others.
Containment: 1. Natural light - how is it? 2. Species of natural light 3. Regulatory documents 4. Crawl on the natural light 5. Conclusion
Natural light - how is it
Naturally, lightening is all about illuminating the premises from the cloudy light (direct or scattered from the cloudy curve), passing into the room, then opening the light into the building structures.
The main characteristic for natural lightening is negligible dependence on many factors, the environment of which is a lot of changes. Illumination is one and the same from the natural light can be significantly dory at a time and at the time of the day. Therefore, calculating the natural light is a difficult task. It’s worth it to decide on such a beginning, when you need medium clarification, for this reason, foresee that when lips on clarification, turn on additional artificial clarification.
Species of natural light
Naturally, the lightening of the se osiguryava from the outside is light, vlizacha in a gradation. The burden is divided at the beginning, for some reason. Thy cato light can penetrate into the gradation of the burn or remove, natural clarification is divided into the following types.
Mining lighting
Vnshnata svetlina vliza in sgradata prez twist the svetlina:
Another option for mountain clarification is lightness and vliza in a gradate to places, someone else will change it:
Page Lightening
From him vnshnata svetlina preminava prez svetlinnite open in vvshhnite walls on the fence:
Combined clarification
Combined lightening at the same time using mountain and page lightening in any combination:
Povecheto modern gradation will use one kind of natural light. The exclusion is ruled by the guard, the lip-sat on the natural lightness is determined by the technological process.
Ponyakoga classification for natural light is perverse, depending on nature bright stream…Ima three kinds:
- Lightening is soaked, when it crawls out, a stream of light from the open is soaked. That underlining the best border on the object and osigure the temple effect on the modeler.
- Lightening is soaked without syanka, at some interior it is illuminating from light, reflected from the surface of the vednaga, a trace is squeezed into the room.
- Lightening is reflected without syanka, once the object in the flock itself illuminates itself from the light, is reflected from the surface, and the light opens from the observer.
Regulatory documents
This is a natural clarification of this lightening in the future, we will choose to decompose, adjusting the tasi region.
In the first place, commodity set from the rule SP 52.13330.2016 "Natural and artificial lightening" (instead of SNiP 23-05-95). The document formulating the necessary concepts, establishing the requirements for various types of lightening, including naturally.
Osventova ima kodova for the design and construction, which controls the natural lighting. Commodity kit according to SP 367.1325800.2017 „Housing and public buildings. Rules for designing for natural and combined lighting” and code according to SP 419.1325800.2018 „Industrial buildings. Rules for designing natural and combined lightening. "
These guidelines will establish standardization parameters for lightening and will provide methods for calculating the cost of space with a page and horn lighting system.
Hygiene research for clarification is regulated by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03.
Ima a little GOST, mix with natural lightening. For example, GOST 24940-2016 “Fences and structures. Methods for measuring the luminosity “setting the methods for determining the minimum, average and cylindrical luminosity, the coefficient of natural light (KEO) and some other values.
Crawl on the natural light
Natural Lighting Factor (KEO)
Nai is an important characteristic of the natural Svetlin and Neinat, the intensity is variable. Depending on the situation, there is nothing to change for a short time. Therefore, for the calculation and standardization of natural lightness, it is not indicators for lightness, brightness and luminosity that are used, but a special coefficient for natural lightness (KEO).
KEO coefficient - ratio to natural lightening in a given point in a roomto Ev Yes se
simultaneous resistance to externally horizontal clarification En,
Szdaden from svetlinat on the sky is completely open:
The factor per round of light is the percentage of the scattered round of light, some of which are close to the flock.
Normative documents and establish minimum values for KEO depending on the type of work and the type of natural light. For excuses of efficiency, seeking good clarification, the KEO standard is 6% (in the case of a furnace or a combined system, provided that the minimum size per object for visual discrimination is 0.15 mm). For housing and public areas, the system is protected from natural light, under the condition that there is a need for a number of differences between small objects, the KEO standard is 0.1-0.5%.
Interesting! From the cost on KEO, you can see that the light in the room is up to 100 five times less than the light on the outside. In some time, in spite of the fact that people can see it, that I am a kato malka. This is the result of the action on the adaptive mechanisms for the lamb. When the lips on the illuminance of the zenith are widening and the retinata are illuminating more, the compensation is weakened by the light stream. Therefore, the person feels comfortable, despite the significantly lower lightening in the flock.
The average annual intensity for the light stream depends on the geographic width of the area. Consequently, the territory in Ruskata is divided into pet zones with lek climate, each of which has a subspecies:
The regulation of KEO depends on the zone for a bright climate. Kolkoto to the north, sensible in a regulated KEO. Tova lie on the fact that in the northern region the slate is low above the horizon and the degree of external illumination is small. Tova means, for yes, all osiguri necessary clarification in the city, the amount of light, open the door for the light, tryabva and bde in the clear.Tova drive to the temple of KEO for the northern area.
In addition, set from the rule by setting the enumeration point behind the KEO. Behind the housing premises with two-way lighting, the se namira in the center of the flock. But this is the rule in respect of housing premises, foresee itself from one country. In this case, there is a countable point behind KEO e, one meter from the stenat, I cross the seer. For dwellings with small flocks (1-3) it is calculated on KEO per per flock. Ako ima better from tyah, the calculation is perverted for two flocks, for all purposes, the average KEO.
Gorni svetlini
Designed for clarification behind a fence and soil from the choice of a lighting system. This influences from the destination and the architecture on the sale, material, research for toplinni ruin, geographic location, location directly next to the structure and other factors.
For the industry, protect yourself nay-chesto from crawling mountain clarification with aeration and capanduri.
Lighten the aeration fenerisa of a special add-on into a gradation, which is intended for the exchange of air and lighting for the room.
Nai-chesto tezi lampi sa with right angle design. It is also practical for installation. Again, if you want to shiguri at the temple of KEO, try the aeration light line for your preference. Compromise the trapezoid Feneri.
Svetlinnite aeration lamp and imat temples toplinni ruin. It is used for such a system for natural lightening and is justified in rooms with a high-rise generation on a windy fuel or in a location in the south of the region.
Curve the svetlini imat a little ruin the toplinni. Those are preferred. Curve the light lines, everything is better for you, not for the industry itself, but also for the housing premises.Pregled in various types and designs in Tavanian vision is available on our website at separate article.
Page clarification on prosorcite
For housing premises, most of all, use the system pages for natural lighting, open the standard for insight. Tova se lie on practicality and hope for such a decision. The OSWENT name is well established standard for page lightening system, which is suitable for each application.
Characteristics on the system for page lightening and depending on the location on the screen directly. Plyatite fence close to prozortsite can and szdadat dlbok senki from round the fence. In this case, the lightening is either on the premises, then from the page of the light, it’s almost impossible to lighten up directly on the self-sustaining fence. Tova, lo and behold, foresight in time for construction.
Another feature of page lightening is its dependence on the product, where senamirat prozorcite is used. In Ruskata, the federation is warmer from the south. Zatova for the northern width, for the preference, and yes, they will put visions from the southern country on the fence, for all of them, from the crawl, it’s full of sunny light. For the southern width, the blinding effect on the dim light is more important. Of course, it is not necessary to mount a special reflecting canopy over the southern apertures, for this they will paint a glare. Put on prozorci, turn to the north, northwest and west, avoiding these problems.
Materials, betraying light
The most important question when organizing external clarification is to choose light-transmitting material. Visibly glass, produced through stretching or tarkalyane, it is traditional. Mostly it is subject to special treatment - tonirane or nanasyan for special coverage.The appearance of new and new light-transmitting materials with high noise and heat protection properties. Near the tov camp, it is possible to glare on golem squares from the facade, atrium, greenhouse and hailstone. Mostly used laminirane - obtained on a multilayer structure from a few layers of glass and a special polyvinyl film. Specially, the “triplex” is widely distributed, it consists of three layers - two bowls and a film between them. The main advantage for laminated glass is increased safety in case of shattering. Filmite, used in laminirane, high degree of transparency. Therefore, the throughput on laminated glass is almost sensible temple, it is sharp on non-laminated glass.
Another technology behind the organization on osigurevaneto on a natural light is a seer with double-glazed windows. In it, two or more glasses are hermetically connected between si, so between them forming a space, which is made with air or special gas. Gazovet sa pick up such a thing, so that the heat or sound insulation is hung up.
Often used organic glass - plexiglass and polycarbonate. Theses of the material are for processing, such that the design on the glass can be complicated from here. Fire research is still a moot point - organically, the glass is burning material. But in the meantime, the researchers have precisely reduced the visibility of the plexiglass to paint the temperature in the room and prevent it from spreading to the fire.
Photochromic glass is a promising material, some use is limited by the high price. The main characteristic on photochromite has changed the transmission to lightness.In the evening and at cloudy time, photochromic glass passes the maximum amount of light. By obyad, when the sun was shining, it was passed on to the light on the photochromite of the glass, and it was significantly painted. Tova vie allow and limit the reflection on the slantseto, without and use visors and other designs.
Hello! The past decade has seen the development of photochromic glass with controlled light transmission. Those sa often from the concept for the "intelligent house" and sa in the state and will exchange the pass for a light dispute beforehand defining the program for management. The desired program can be assigned somehow from the central computer for control, and locally, through icon-pictograms above, it itself was glassed with the help of a dokosvan (similar to control on smartphones or tablets).
Conclusion
Naturally, the lightening on the fence and the premises crawled widely into the modern stomach. For the industry of sorzhzheniya nay-chesto ce from crawling mountain natural clarification. For housing premises, natural lighting is preferred. Natural brightening is standardized through a specific natural brightening factor (KEO). It is realized with the help of a feneri or transparency with a light-transmitting surface from silicate or organic glass.
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