How is lightening combined

Svetlinata plays a huge role in the Czech stomach. We receive a lot of important information about this Wednesday through our eyes. For the difference from any animal, human vision is poorly adapted to the kam tmninata. Therefore, our predci sa beat a lot of vulnerable people. Prez night ... For the purpose of the horata zapochnaha and the fire for lighting and heating, the scientists will support this.

With the development of technological progress and widespread use of electricity, roleta on natural light did not paint. Chovekt cannot be completely but replace the natural source with light from the source. Sunshine light e nai - favorable for the spectator organi. Out of reluctance, long-term failure to achieve it will develop various diseases, painting labor productivity and quality on the stomach.

From a clear point to economic feasibility and physiological needs, optimally combined and combined clarification. Statiyata obsjzhda normalize and study for theses species lightening and try on for calculations for determining the level of illumination.

Containment: 1. Definition 2. With how combined is it different from combined 3. Norms and studies 4. How to practice 5. Calculation Example 6. Conclusion

Definition

In the documentation, the term se is used for different types of lightening. For yes, let's put aside disagreements when even on the documentary, in general, we updated the edition on SNiP 23-05-95-Code on the rules SP 52.13330.2016.

Spored tovadokument differ:

Figure 1. SP 52.13330.2016 v. 3.26 - 3.27

Composite lightening is lightening with many light sources.You allow optimally distributing to the light stream. Osventova is a combined clarification of all organized both from natural and from artificial sources to light.

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With how combined is it different from combined

For the difference from the combined clarification, the combined clarification of an additional lipsate of natural light from the artificial stone.

Combined lightening on the premises is different from natural lightening from the product, which allows you to create the necessary amount of light for the distortion at work, dory from the highest level to the complexity, somehow does not depend on the particularity of the time or season.

You can get detailed information about the type of lightening and technical characteristics, measure the units for lightness in goods article.

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Norms and studies

Research for the combination of the system for artificial clarification of the composition in the following regulatory and technical documentation:

Figure 2. NTD back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑

How to practice

We’ll manage the trace of this from the NTD study, and we’ll give you a practical example of the system’s taqiva.

With a combined system for clarification from natural types, a faint light line in the flocks somehow opens on the translucency, and so does the curve. That is, lightness can be removed at the same time and two times, and so is the grief.

For yes, they will osigure it for lightness, those se montirat on the twisted prozorci or fenerche. Commodity structure, sometimes minawa along the length of the curve or often from it.

Figure 3. An example of organizing a combined clarification from a vision to a curtain to a fence

Fenerat osiguryava penetrated into the room, which, in time, prevented damage to the toplin.Tozi design is installed on a twist in the industry and housing fence.

Ako is a single barrier of the Tavan floor, maybe the ima of vision on the curve, which is an additional light stream of visibility in the wall.

Osventova, how to see through the sgradata satvarde golemy, comrade, bring to a significant toplinni, ruin and increase the dispersal. Therefore, the size on open the trebva and be justified.

For the difference from natural artificial lightening, then do not depend on the time for a day, time, time for a year. Creating a comfortable environment for work or leisure.

You can read more for seeing, characterize, correct for artificial lightening knock.

Combined with artificial lighting, including the addition of a main source for lighting from a local, local lamp.

Figure 4. Example for combined artificial lightening back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑

Calculation Example

The main task when calculating for a low light level and getting a good match with the parameters for a dimly bright light. Last-optimal for a fool's eye.

When calculating, it is determined:

They break, look and power on a lamp, which is a tryabva and this is how they will light up the desnia for light.
Quantity and setting of lamps.
The clarification is calculated when the lighting fixtures of the body are selected and the power is known for the lighting sources, installed in the beams.

The main task when performing this on a project is to determine the light, type and power on the lampite. This directly influences the efficiency of the lighting system and the lightening field.

When the light and power on the lamp are known, it is necessary to clarify the light on the lamp after the creation. Sometimes it’s not possible, but check it out for lighting at the veche, the lighting system is working, it’s getting through the calculus.

Calculations are corrected by the following methods:

The method for the coefficient on the use of the light stream.
The method on zahranvane is specific.
Dot method.
Combined method.

Some razgledame in close proximity, in which cases, all things are applied from the method.

Method for using on a bright stream

As a hint, the main parameter is determined when the method is attached to the tosi, and the light stream is known to be the source of light.

The lamp is chosen on the basis of the condition that the light stream is not overhanging 20% and not a little from 10% of the need. If this condition is not fulfilled, they throw on the illumination of the body of the regulator.

The equation for calculating the light flux:

Figure 5. The equation for calculating the light flux

A certain analysis of the procedure for calculating the tosi method, which is the use of an example for the hall. Let's take some parameters and follow the calculation:

Width per flock e 4 m, length e 6 m.
Visochina on tavana - 2.5 m.
Tavan in a flock of boyadisani fight in a bylo.
Bring on the flocks of sa boyadisani with siva battle.
Stenite sa boyadisani with the light of the battle.

It is necessary to calculate the amount of light on the trail installation on the flooring of the flooring, equipment with LED lamps, pumping at a height of 2.3 m.

The calculation is all intricate in the next sequence:

Let's define some standard for clarification for the hall. You must use Table L.1 from Appendix L in SP 52.13330.2016. The reception of the degree for illumination is equal to 150 lux.
Let's calculate some area per flock. The area on the right-hand side is calculated by multiplying by the length of the room by the width. Received area from 24 m2.
Let's choose a coefficient for safety.It is important to know that, for a long period of time, the illumination of the body becomes dim and the surface of the light is different, drawing the ability and passes or reflecting the light from the material on the lamp or lighting body. Depending on the condition, the value of the value is in the range from 1 to 2. The reception of the value of the value is equal to 1.
Let's define some value for the coefficient of non-uniformity z, from crawling out of the premises, to some of the chakva and all of the inventive high-current work, for even and similar to the efficiency, e 1.1. Sometimes you use a fluorescent or LED lamp, the cost is 1.1, and sometimes you use a lamp with a pressurized button, it's 1.15.
Let's calculate the cost per coefficient for the use of the light stream. The first definition of the index per state i.

Figure 6. Equation for calculus per index per flock

Changed to the dannid vbv of the formula and the derivation:

i=24/((6+4)*2.3)=1.04

Round your score to 1.1.

Pay attention to the coefficient of reflection from the jockstrap. Visible reflection on light-colored fabric due to different coatings, colors, materials. Ernst Neufert. "Construction project".

Assume that for tavana tazi the figure is 70%, for stenite - 50%, for the pod - 30%.

Usefulness table, no determination of the cost per coefficient of use for a light stream. The choice of value for the coefficient on the use of the light flux is equal to 0.56 for the average coefficient for reflection.

Figure 7. Table for determining the coefficient on the use of the light stream

We know the broya on the lampite in polyleia - 3.

Instead, get the value of the formula for calculating the light flux:

How is lightening combined Figure 8. The formula for calculating the light flux from data

F=1414lm.

Tazi figure is attributed to every lamp in polyley.The basis is based on the received value of the selected LED lamp, which is based on the expected temperature for light, the basis is on the data of the manufacturer. Those sa advice on the packaging of the product.

For example, for an LED lamp with a power of 20 W, the light temperature is 3000 K, which is in line with the fuel, the light line, the light flow is 1520 lm. Elected for installation in a polylay cato nai -suitable.

Figure 9. Gauss 20W LED lamp

Specific method on storage

With the Tosi method, the amount of clarification is selected from the reference data. Take all foreseeing the silat on the source for light, techniyat broy and area for the room.

The cloak of power per lamp is produced according to the formula:

Rlampi = (Rud *n) / S

k'deto Rud - specific power, W / m2;

n - broy lampi, br;

C is the square of the flock, m2.

When calculating by tosi, the method is followed by two following sequences:

The quantity of this and that will be determined by the domakin - the flock of the body, the height is not completed.
Vz base on the reference data sets the normal clarification and specific OX capacitance.
Determine the total power per lamp. The value of this is chosen from the standard value.

Where the trace of the cloak is a case, if the installation of lamps and other power is required, they are cast on the lamp, which determines which foreseen necessary toups parameters.

Point method

Using the tosi method, the amount of lightening is determined from every point in the room.

When perverted to the calculations, they all add to the giving red:

They will determine se broyat and see the illuminators of the body, montirani in the room, hanging on the okachvaneto.
Izvarshva is a drawing for a room with a lamp mount.
In the drawing, checkpoint A is chosen.
Calculating all the distance from the projection on the source to the lightline to the selected control point.
Reference data is used for determining the illumination from any source to the light.
Calculating all the total lightening on the body lighting installation Σe.
In the selected point A, the horizontally illuminated point is not calculated to point A according to the formula:

E = (A *μ / 1000 *kz) * Σе

μ e coefficient for determining the amount of additional clarification from the illuminating body, location at a distance from point A, and the magnitude of the reflection on the light flux;

ks is the safety factor.

Combine the method of combining different types of determination on illuminance for high-high accuracy.

When calculated on the illuminance in the system for natural lightening, all using KEO is the coefficient for natural lightening.

Sp it, SP 23-102-203 “Naturally lightening on the housing and the fingers of the fence” KEO-the execution on the naturalness of lightening, the point of the plain into the premises from the light in the non-concrete (directively or trace of reflection) KM resetnost on the vnnoznot is chorizontal. , taken from svetlinat on the sky, completely open, expressed in%:

KEO = (Eun / En) * 100%

k'deto - Eun vereshno clarification;

Yong - visually brightening.

When designing on a fence, it is necessary to be on a sunny skyline, the definition of KEO is a necessary condition. Dimensioned on the prosorcite and seen on the osculation, orientation on the grade to the cardinal points, used for additional artificial clarification depend on the product.

KEO is measured with two luxometers. The first device determines the clarification from the outside of the cloud, and the second - to closed. For this, they will get exact results, the measurements will correct at the same time and in time on the clouds, which will evenly cover the sky.

Figure 10. Light meter back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑

Conclusion

It is used for one or another method for calculating the lightness with combined lightening, select it individually. The quality of clarification depends on the accuracy of the calculations, which means comfort and safety in terms of time for work and rest.

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