How can we calculate the lightening in flocks

Title: calculator

A lot of us, especially the old generation, evaluate the lightness in a flock on the eye or in the wool: “It’s a little dark, we’ll screw up one more screw”, “For the tazi, the chift” sheisette “is enough.” But there are many types of lighting devices, which have a bright power (dependence on brightness on power) that distinguishes slightly between five and dozens of five. The assessment of the illumination at the lamb can not be put on the control. A subjective opinion is a good adviser. In the basin, the article is not counted and calculated for a little, but we will also competently direct the calculation for clarification, one area per room.

Containment: 1. How can we calculate the lightening exactly and correctly 2. Oprosten nach 3. Try for calculations 4. The main quantities for the design for clarification 5. Regulations

How can we calculate the lightening exactly and correctly

Let’s go ahead and borrow from mathematics, we’ll collect some tribute for calculating the amount of light in flocks. Tryabva let's figure it out:

1. Lighting standards for a specific flock (housing, office, corridor, etc.).
2. The coefficient on the use of the light stream is exactly in the commodity room.
3. Lamp type(s).

Opened on a standard for clarification

Standard for artificial lighting in residential and public areas

flock type Degree on illuminance, lx Dwellings (lounge, bedroom, kitchen, refectory)150Study, library300deca200Corridories, bays50Kileri, room services30Bathhouse50Steelyard20Plant drawings500Computer work400Conference halls200Classrooms, auditoriums300Targovsky floors at supermarkets500

Calculated per coefficient in use

More tryabva and now calculate the coefficient on the crawl. The product depends on the geometric dimensions of the room (height, length, width), the reflection coefficient on the surface (under, walls, tavan) and the view of the lighting body (tavan, rounded).

First, izchislyavame index per flock i, which depends on it geometrically. Index ce calculus according to the formula:

Kadeto:

• i is the index per flock;
• S e area per flock in m2;
• A e dzhinata to the room in m;
• B is the width per room in m;
• h is the distance between the illuminating body and the surface, for some time counting the luminance, in m.

Now estimating the reflection coefficient on tavana, stenite and hearth - ρn1, ρ° С, ρn2:

• byala surface - 70%;
• lightness - 50%;
• sivo - 30%;
• dark - 10%.

Lighting body type is usually selected from the standard list:

CategoryView of the lighting tower Description1Putting this top surface on the tavana. The main shovel is on a light-colored e nadol.2Mounted on a tavana or on a stenata, equipped with lampshades with a predominantly half-length distribution of light-colored fabrics.3Pumping with sennitsy, osiguryaschi evenly distributed on light-colored vjv vsichki shoki. Lamp without lampshade gives effect.4From the nuances, which is full of light-colored kam tavana, for yes, reflect it from the surface on tavana.5 From a low point of transparency or opaque nuances, giving a tight flow from light to the chosen region.

Leave and replace, get the data in the table and let us determine the coefficient on the basis.

Lighting bodies from category 1

Lighting bodies from category 2

Lighting bodies from category 3

Lighting bodies from category 4

Lighting bodies from category 5

Calculating the need for a bright stream

All the data for obtaining, leaving let's calculate the light flow, for yes we will determine the necessary clarification. For let us send Comrade, we use the formula:

Kadeto:

• E - clarification is necessary, lx;
• S - area per flock, m2;
• n e coefficient on use;
• F - a bright stream is needed, lm.

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Oprosten nach

Ako yama high research for accuracy on the result, maybe all wrong, the calculation for lightening in the room is simplified. In tosi, the case of the formula for calculating e is:

It’s simpler than it’s not just calculating the coefficient on the use of the lighting body n, but rather the average cost is 0.5.

Ima still has a single method. Likewise, how some chorus evaluates the need for clarification: “There is still enough for a square meter here.” Tosi method is fresh to tarsene in the table for the required electrical power, depending on the purpose of the room. Obviously, the accuracy of such a “calculus” is not high, but still we will give a table.

Power per lamp for standardized lighting in residential premises

flock type Total power per lamp, W Lampi Fluorescent lamps LED lamp All day with an area of ​​about 18 square meters
3507040All days with average standard area2004025Kitchen1503018Bathhouse1002012Bathhouse60127Corridor, corridor1002012

And tretyat, nay-lesniyat, makar and not nay-accurate start and use online calculator for clarification per flock.

Zarezhdane... per flock, m Width per flock, m Broy lamps Zone C Light flow F For lighting on a flock of lamps with a total power: W Silata on a single lamp W Illumination on a flock of flocks of e Lux

Hello! If you don’t know how bright the flow of the lamp is, use the table, then multiply the value by lm / W by the power per lamp.

Table for lighting power on lamps from different types

lamp type Svetlinna efficiency, lm / W Conventional niche 10-16 Halogen 15-22 Luminescent 50-70 Sodium 150-200 Metal halide (xenon) 70-100 LED 80-120 back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑

Try for calculations

Let's send some calculations based on mining. Let's change it for sure.

Calculus 1 Example

Vsekidnevna with an area of ​​​​20m2, length - 5 m, width - 4 m, height on the tavana - 2.5 m. The length on the okachvane is 40 cm.

1. In SanPiN, the degree of illumination is 150 lux.
2. Determine the index for the flock i: 20 / ((5 + 4) * 2.1) = 1.0.
3. Calculating the reflection coefficient on tavana, stenite and hearth - ρр1 = 70%, ρc = 50%, ρп2 = 10%.
4. Let's look at table 4 from the category of lighting of the body and the naming of the coefficient on the use - 0.57.
5. Calculating the need for a bright stream: (150 * 20) / 0.57 = 5,300 lm.

Example 2

Children's area 12 m2, length - 3 m, width - 3 m, height on the tavana - 2.5 m. Tavanna lamp texture. Tavant e byal, wall with light greenery, rise up.

1. In SanPiN, the degree of illumination is 200 lux.
2. Determine the index for the flock i: 12 / ((3 + 4) * 2.5) = 0.6.
3. Calculating the reflection coefficient on tavana, stenite and hearth - ρр1 = 70%, ρc = 50%, ρп2 = 30%.
4. Let's look at table 1 from the category of the lighting of the body and the naming of the coefficient on the use - 0.3.
5. Calculating the need for a light stream: (200 * 12) / 0.3 = 8000 lm.

Example 3

A classy flock with an area of ​​54 m2, length - 9 m, width - 6 m, height on the tavana - 2.5 m. Tavant e byal, wall sa lightly creamy, rise kafyav.

1. In SanPiN namirame, the degree of illumination is 300 lux.
2. Determine the index for the flock i: 54 / ((9 + 6) * 2.5) = 1.44.
3. Calculating the reflection coefficient on tavana, stenite and hearth - ρп1 = 70%, ρc = 50%, ρп2 = 30%.
4. Calls are on table 3 from the category of lighting of the body, the coefficient on the use is 0.64.
5. Calculating the need for a bright stream: (300 * 54) / 0.64 \u003d 25,300 lm.

Leave and choose the needs of a good lamp, so that they will communicate with them a bright stream, even a figure is calculated.

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The main quantities for the design for clarification

In conclusion, let's look at how the value of sa must be correctly calculated for illuminance when projected for clarification and kakvisat.

• Svetlinen flow.
  Measured in lumen (lm). Reflecting the intensity of the svetlinat, isolated from the source. In our case, the lamp.
• Svetlinna efficiency.
  Measured in lumens per watt (lm/W). Showing the efficiency of the light source. Kolkoto is in a high relation, it is sensible in terms of efficiency. For a lamp with a lit litter box, the variance is from 10-16, depending on the power. LED lamp can and has a bright efficiency from 120 lm / W or more.
• Lightening.
  Measured in lux (lx). Showing how much the object is illuminated. Ako for an area from 1m2, more than 1 lumen, togava illuminating more than 1 lux.
• Degree on the run.
  Stoynost without a unit, somehow showing caustically effective se from the source of light. Ako coefficient 1, which means that the radiation from the source has reached the surface to the surface. In practice, the stability depends on many factors (reflecting the properties on the object, the distance to the source, the passage to the light from the surrounding environment, etc.).

More details for any of the thesis of value, you can and intend in the statute „In what units are the measurements of illuminance and brightness per light - how does the apartment represent».

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Regulations

How are the normative studies of the trebva and all spazvat when designing for clarification and calculated for illuminance? Here is the basic from tyah:

• SP 52.13330.2011 Natural and artificial lightening.
• SanPiN 2.21 / 2.1.1 / 1278-03 "Hygienic research for natural, artificial and combined lighting in residential and public buildings."
• GOST R 55710-2013 "Clarification at work places in the fence."
• GOST R 56852-2016 "Artificial lighting in the industry of the premises for the sale of iron transport".
• GOST 24940-96 “Fences and structures. Methods for measuring on illumination.

On the white. More information for abstracts and other documents, related to clarification, you can yes intend to state "Rules and regulations for clarification, SNiPs, GOSTs, PUE».

Razbrahme, as a rule, let us calculate the clarification in flocks, for not ruining the vision. Nadiavame se, che statiyata is still useful for some, some seriously seizing with clarification at home si, and not on the eye.

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