How does the vacuum prekvasch work
When disconnecting and turning on a significant number of goods between contacts on the switching device, the electric circuit is connected, which can lead to damage on the contact itself and on the circuit, putting the adjacent parts under voltage. Tazi is a provocative situation of a serious incident or fire.
To prevent this, there is a special camera in the design. Extinguish d'gata sho into it. Automatic shutdown for high voltage of the equipment of the chamber for extinguishing on the gas, it is possible to cut off all the oil, gaseous air or SF6 gas.
One of the promising areas is not connected to high-voltage and pre-exhausted with a chamber for quenching on a vacuum arc. Tazi statiya rasglazhda vacuum preksvach, unpretentious structure and principle to work on a variety of cross-sectional models, technical predominance and shortcomings.
Containment: 1. What e and for what e 2. Principle for action 3. Characteristics on device and design 4. The number of times the model was crossed 5. Main technical characteristics 6. Rules for selection and installation 7. Characteristics for work 8. Conclusion
What e and for what e
Assign theses, including devices, even more ochakva in the following:
- Oosiguryavane on reliably turning on the electric chain in work and emergency modes in the shortest possible time.
- Premachine on an emergency spiran on the air line due to the possibility of automatically resealing.
Developed on the basis of the first sample of the soil for prez 30 years for the minalia of the century. At the same time, there are still no perfect technological solutions for the equipment, capable of maintaining a long vacuum.Therefore, turn the breakdown from the switching device to the right, possibly switching itself off at a small current at a voltage of up to 40 kV.
The trace is extensive research work, until 1957 it is possible to explain everything by the process, when the electric arc appears in rarefied gas. After efforts on the researchers, the sabers were beaten in the course of 20 years for the duration of the kam namiran to start for preventing the occurrence of pretensions, the options for preventing the occurrence of fading on the third part of the camera for extinguishing the fire from the metal particles, problems with leaks and methods for screening.
The result of the work on the researcher is the creation of a vacuum pre-switching device with a high voltage, capable of working in a three-phase AC network. It is covered by voltage, at some times such switches are used, covering electrical installations up to 1000 V, and up to 220 Da ceV.
Principle for action
For quenching the pressure between the contacts, the gaseous medium is very rare because of it - technically a vacuum. For the sake of the fact, the dielectric power on the vacuum is a lot of dozens of five upside down from the basin to all the other gas, it is possible to use all devices with small sizes .
Some razgledame close to the principle on the extinguished on the d'gata. At the moment RazmikaniAz sm Contacts enter the vacuum between the currents, an electrical discharge is generated, which, for some reason, is supported by vaporization on the metal from the surface ... In this case, the conductor is electrically charged by the plasma.
Figure 1. Vacuum gap formed on the arc
Ty kato promenliviyat electric current with the flow for a while, changing not in magnitude itself, but also in terms of the line, when the sinusoidate stopped, the electric arc was extinguished.Throwing particles between contacts for a short period of time (from 7 to 10 microseconds) all disappear at the top of the contact and wall on the camera. Tova drive to the installation on the electric line for the space between the contacts.
Figure 2 back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑
Characteristics on device and design
In addition to the cam chamber for squeezing on the connector with contacts, the construction on the poles on the vacuum pre-switch, including the shutter and the teglitel insulator. For support in a vacuum, wind in the chamber, for extinguishing on a dag, it crawled out of a breeze. Not allowing other gasses to penetrate the air, sometimes contact all of them.
Figure 3. Design for vacuum pre-vacuum
One from the contact, the fixed one is motionless, the second one is mobile. That receiving movement prez teglitelniya insulator with the help of electromagnetically sliding. Contact for polarity is a constant current, an electromagnet is supplied, which can be boiled or sealed on the contacts. The round magnet is permanent, crawling behind the back on the slide of the part into the chosen position.
Use this spring system for osigurevane at the optimum speed on the cut and paint on the contact resistance on the contact. It is folded into a single body, which includes a lot of kinematic and electrical wires for monitoring and control of work. Including three poles, which separates one from the other.
Figure 4. Vacuum switch 
Figure 5. Sectional vacuum pre-vacuum
The control of the switch is carried out through the control block, which is placed on a separate panel (cabinet) or located in the bottom of the switch. The block for control can be based on a microprocessor or yes work on an electromechanical relay.
A distinctive feature of the design on the vacuum is the pre-existing life of the belly (about 20 years old).
The resource for activating and deactivating contacts is a little 20,000 operations. Prez Celia and exploitation, the stomach is perfect for not a complex support. The camerata for extinguishing the fire may not be repaired and, if necessary, may be replaced with a new one. The design of the caramel is foreseen by the possibility of brewing and zatvaryan on prekvascha.
According to the project, the vacuum cleaner will be charged for installation both in the shutter of the switchgear and in the opening. Vacuum seals intended for installation in the closure of the switchgear may be detachable or fixed. In this case, the separation from the part under voltage through a visible distance is perverted with the help of pipes and shinny disconnectors.
Figure 7 
Figure 6 back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑
The number of times the model was crossed
For the first time, industrial models for vacuum switches will still appear in the U.S.A., Germany and Great Britain before the 60s for a century. Those are products from General Electric and Siemens. We have industrial production on the basis of key soil prez 1980.
Medium industrial models, put into operation, better vacuum pre-vacuum VVV-10-2 / 320. It is designed for pre-existing at current up to 2000 A and rated current from 320 A. Operating voltage is 10 000 V.
At the time of Ruskite, producers will take up positions in the third market and market on the page from the OND.
Find products and local businesses:
- Software ELKO.
- Tavrida Electric.
- AD "Samarsky transformer".
- AD AEC "Contact".
Weird stranger manufacturers nay - often cross sa:
- Siemens.
- ABB.
Tavrida Electric Company specializes in the design and manufacture of vacuum switching devices with voltages up to 35 kV. The most popular models are BB / TEL-10 vacuum cleaners. The company has produced such a re-sealed Smart35 for installation on a pole on a 35 kV overhead line.
High-quality local manufacturer for vacuum technology PO "ELKO" producing automatic switches, designed to work with voltages of 6-10 kV (VBSK, VBCHSE, VBP, VBB series) and for voltages from 35 kV VBN series.
OJSC "Samara Transformer" produces vacuum cleaners from the VVVST-10 and VVST-35 brands under a license from Siemens, designing for a voltage of 10, 20.35 kV, respectively.
JSC NPP Contact is the only Russian manufacturer of vacuum devices from Nigh-Golemite. Product range including low-voltage and vacuum high voltage of 1.14 kV from the brand: KBT-1.14-2.5 / 160, KBT-1.14-2.5 / 250, KBT-1.14- 4 / 400, high voltage and vacuum interrupter with voltage 6 kV, 10 kV (grades VBE, VBMM, VB , VBPP), 20 kV (grades VB, VBH), 27.5 kV, 35 kV (grades VBS, VB, VBET, VBD , VBPK) and 110 kV (VBP-110 kV degrees).
Siemens Trade Union offers a wide range of products from Markov and SION vacuum transducers for use in electrical installations with voltages from 6 to 20 kV and vacuum transducers of 3AF levels up to 40.5 kV for external installation.
ABB produced three vacuums for the VD4 markat for work in ate. installations with voltage up to 40.5 kV and external switches for the brands OVB-SDB, OVB-VBF, PVB / PVB-S.
Main technical characteristics
The product range of vacuum switching devices is varied.When you select the correct model according to local conditions, pay attention to the main technical specifications:
- Tension class.
- Rated operational current and current per koso connection.
- Dynamic and thermal stability.
- Resource for inclusion.
- Type of execution.
- Climatic release.
- Compatibility for the management system.
- Reaction speed.
- Dimensional dimensions and heat on the preswitcher.
Rules for selection and installation
All switches are selected based on technical specifications. Those will report the work of the parameters at the meeting of the existing electrical chains. Select all rights based on the maximum performance in the intermodal modes of operation.
The nominal voltage of the trebva and even if it is equal to or similar to the nominal voltage on the electrical network. Selection for long-term operating current is correct based on the maximum possible parameters. The protection settings are also based on the charges for working in find modes.
Mounting on a vacuum is a perfect fit when it comes to researching, consulting the normative and technical documentation, which will take foreseen organizational and technical measures for safe operation.
Before you order the installation on the prekvacha, it is necessary and yes, you can assure that it is safe and without defects through the external problem. If you open a chip or punch on the surface of the insulator, installation on the equipment is not allowed.
Next check Make sure the surfaces are clean from the carp without a sackcloth. At this time, paying special attention to cleaning the insulation on the pole on the top.Before you install the switch, the operability and integrity of the secondary circuit is checked by turning on and off the switch.
Characteristics for work
After entering into operation, it is necessary to revise the checks from the source, it is included in the technical documentation for the manufacturer. Prevklyuchte treabva yes be subject to periodic support - current and basic repairs.
The trace of the emergency shutdown is presumably checking for identification for damage, which can and may result in the result of electrodynamic swelling, topene, watch out for the lights of metalen from Khvarlyane, etc.
Preferences and disadvantages Preferences for a vacuum cleaner include the following: The design is uncomplicated and reliable. Forest repair - like a chamberata for squeezing on a dgata, damage it, but the trebva and be replaced without breaking it. Low on noise when turning off and on. izklyuchvane on small inductive current .Nisk resource for the camera for extinguishing on the arc when the current is turned off at the koso connection. back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑
Conclusion
Thanks to the combination of the unique characteristics, the vacuum is superior to one of the most high-voltage switching devices. Those are hopeful and irritable, safe for the service personnel and do not freeze around the environment. Support is limited to a small operation.
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