The device and the main characteristics on the prekvaschit

Automatic switches (AB) sa in every house and in practice sa changed prepasitely, in the daily name "chips". In general, their purpose is not known at all, but some general information is not sufficient for the correct choice for the device. In the tazi article, we will analyze how to imagine prekshvacht, how to imma in the three and how to work.

containment: 1. Definition 2. Device and principle for action 3. Explanation of symbols on the front panel 4. Sortova 5. Characteristics at the current time - how is it and how is it

Definition

The term of the definition is more than a contact-switching device, capable of switching on the current, even carrying out and switching off under normal conditions of the switch, and even so, switching on, delaying for a certain time and automatically switching off the current when the abnormal condition of the switch is normalized.

Automatic preksvach ("automatic")

For what e preksvach? In the general line:

• you allow to activate/deactivate natovarvaneto;
• regardless of the decoction of the verigata (prek'sva) in the case of pre-production or the connection to the line, in which it is installed.

AB is not a safety switch. But how and from what preparatory? The main goal is to prekshvacha (release) food and prepasi line from pre-completion in case of connection or increase by current into it in time on pre-completion. Osventova AB presupposes the goods from damage, but it has increased for one reason or another. Yes, we can say, for the sake of greatly increasing the voltage in the gap or for the sake of strong phases, the imbalance.

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Device and principle for action

How does the machine work? Yes, we see how ima fit into it.

Prekvascha design

Show on the figurine:

• 1 - calf;
• 2 - mechanism for cocking and releasing;
• 3 - electromagnetically released;
• 4 - rychen loss for inclusion / exclusion;
• 5 - thermally released;
• 6 - adjusting screw on thermal release;
• 7, 11 - klemi for svyarzvane;
• 8, 9 - store contacts;
• 10 - camera behind the extinguishing on the dha.

First, let's analyze how the prekvacht works, a certain analysis of the purpose of this and the principle of action on the main component - electromagnetically released, thermally released, hive-shaped, the mechanism for engaging and excluding.

Electromagnetic release

Barzo izklyuchva machine in the case of a koso connection. The reaction is characterized with barza (parts from the second), but itself with a significant (2-10 five, depending on the type) preparation.

Electromagnetic release on the General Electric G61

Structurally, an electromagnet (solenoid). When the current of the solenoid is significant, it is a short circuit, sometimes acting at the top of the mechanism for release.

The device is not responsive to minor, long and short periods of preparation. Tova eliminira fake alarms on the machine when starting current on the electric motor. Celta mu e protection from koso connection.

Thermally released

Tozi's montage of a certain se narych is "thermal prekshvach". Tova e bimetalna plocha, soundly fixed in unity edge. Somehow the current flows, it is flat, and the edge of the activating mechanism is different.

Bimetal mechanism for General Electric G61

Time for a reaction to bimetalnoto liberating e for a long time from tov on electromagnetic liberating, ty kato kato is dirty, sensible for a long time, sensible for a little bit the current is despicable.Ordinary time for exclusion on thermal release – from a few seconds to a few minutes, depending on the current, traversing the surface of the bimetallate and the view of the prekvacha.

Mechanism for switching on and off

When the machine is turned on, the mechanism of all engagements, keep the contacts safe and close automatically with the mechanical key switch. In the case of a preparation, it is necessary to set the stamina, or in the case of a joint, in response to the release of a decoction of the key-alkat. The mechanism is under the influence of the pre-charged spring of the sensor and, after decoction, protect the contacts.

arc extinguisher

By time on the switch-off on the machine in case of a connection between the connections, protect the contacts of the electric drive. The task of extinguishing the gas extinguisher is possible, nai-brzo, for not damaging the contact. Structurally, the beehive is a set of metal plates, insulated from one another.

Dgov hive on preksvacha

When boiled on the contact, it formed a ce between tyah dha ce ullzhava under the influence of a magnetic field on its own and navliza in the chamberta for quenching on the djata. There, izstiva and fading away.

How to work

Some see how work preksvacht. Whenever we apply the lever grip for turning on / off, the mechanism for turning on and off all engagements. At the same time, save the contacts and shrakva on the meat with a spring key. Drzhkata left in a mountainous position. Current passing machine.

Dokato tozi current is not above the nominal value (depending on the model on the prekvacha), it does not change it, it’s not enough strength, but the bimetalate is thermally released and the cooling time is natural and practically not all.

Ako tokt nadvishava denomination, togava bimetalnata nyama nyama time and cool down and gradually heat up, heat up, and press the valve on the key. It closes all the decoctions, the mechanism for opening and excluding all engagements and excluding the protection of contacts. In the picture, the rocker on the castle is marked with a blue line along the bottom, and the samiyat of the castle is marked with a purple circle.

Principle on the action on the mechanism for cocking and disengaging

In the case of a case, the connection of the scarcevinate to the electromagnetic release device of the pressure is very cobilly ramo. Machine work, but a lot of work. On the horn of the snapshot of the scarlet, a semi-circle showed an arrow indicating the movement on the cradle of the gray frame when it was engaged in the electromagnetic release, and the yellow – thermal.

At the moment when the electric arc was turned off, it was turned into a hive (the arrow is whitened in the picture in a mountainous way) and went out.

The principle of working on the job is clearly described in the video on-line.

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Explanation of symbols on the front panel

Razbrahme celt, design, now we can see the markings - designations on the housings on the device. Those show characteristics on the device. Some yes, I can see the “litseto” on the preksvacha.

Marking on prekvascha

In the picture, the numbers show:

1. — turgovskaya brand, manufacturer;
2. - nominally working tension and honesty;
3. - time-current characteristic;
4. - rated working current;
5. - name and series;
6. — maximum possible current;
7. - class for current limitation;
8. E is thrown at the pole.

With parvata, petata and osmata, the point is clear. Let me examine the third in detail separately.

• Rated operating voltage and frequency... The device is a shaker and work itself on the chains with tension and honesty.
• Rated operational current... The current, in a way, from the cost of stoicity, yama and the use of protection.
• Maximum current possible... Maximum current, with which the switch is guaranteed to open it and burn it out.

current limiting class… The time between switching off at the release and fading away at the dagata. Ima 3 takiwa class:

• 3 degrees - 3-5 milliseconds;
• 2 degrees - 5-10 milliseconds;
• Power 1 - 10 milliseconds or more (may not be estimated).

Electrical diagrams on a machine with different poles back kjm sdzharzhanieto ↑

Sortova

Ima nyakolko kind of prekshvachi for various purposes. Razgledakhme izglad. The purpose of this is protection against pre-production and kosso connection. Now we’ll talk for a while for a machine, which is a precondition for differential current. Commodity device for differential current (RCD).

For help. Differential current (DT) - current for leakage, which is often from the energy of the "iztich" according to the outside of the body. In the case of incoming current, standing on goals from outgoing.

Spore definition on UDT – contact switch on the device for connection, transmission and interruption on electrical current under normal working conditions and after welding on the contacts, when the differential current reaches the predetermined value. Takiva devices are divided into 2 more types:

• pre-switch, residual current control (RCCB);
• Residual current pre-charged with current cutoff protection (RCBO).

The type does not control the amount of current, does not predispose the line from the preparation and connection. The control device itself enters and exits current into the line. Ako tokovete sa equal, togawa mashinata is included. Vednaga trace of the cato ima of difference over the task of stoicity or tech (depending on the RCCB model), the machine is out of the question.

Tozi four-pole RCCB also consume current up to 40A and also exclude it, but it is not possible to increase 30mA.

Devices, which are powered by diesel fuel from as little as 30 mA, are protected from shock currents. Power current and prekvachi prevent fire and damage to the line.

RCBO is also known for its protection against interruption and connection, with the device protected against residual current. So yes, it seems, 2 in 1. The protection is not good enough to cut off the connection and pre-complete + cut the current for leakage.

Tova RCBO more work with current over 40 A and diesel fuel over 30 mA

Pay attention to the diagram for the weight of the device. On it you can see the markings on the electromagnetic and thermal release.

Ima another type of automatic machine, which is used in the industry. All-in-one conventional remote control switch sensor. Turning it into automatic, it is activated from an arbitrary parameter - over / under voltage / current, drift is honest, the presence of embarrassment over a pre-set field, etc.

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Characteristics at the current time - how is it and how is it

According to the definition of the characteristic, the current in time (VTX) reflects the dependence on the time on the fun, except for the line on the cost of the current, contrary to the negativity. The same is shown under the format on the graph, reflecting the combined work on the electromagnetic and thermal releases on the pre-switch. On the X axis on the graph of the se plot the multiplicity of the currents in the verigata directly the rated current In and on the axis Y – The time on the switch for the prekvascha in seconds and minutes.

Example for time-current characteristic

For help. A lot of things on the current showing sharply five tokt vj in the verigata of the overdue denomination. For example, 1.5 Inom shows that the verigata overhead denomination is one and half five. 6Inom - 6 five, etc.

Seemingly from the graph, this is a hypothetical automatic machine for counting the current in 3Inom for the current per koso connection. Automatically released from the lizard into action. Thermal, when the current rises, stop and be useful and don’t work (for sure, not in the crack with electromagnet). Therefore, start VTX on the thermal release of the mark in blue (at such a current, the electromagnetic does not work), and VTX on the electromagnetic release of the red.

In our BTX example, we have one graphic, but we have two different ones. Vtoriyat for our car is more like this:

Full VTX Diagram

Veche se sreschnahme with cherveno, but how is it blue? That show of work on such a name for the current-scho is included in the prekvach for the student of the chain. Cherveniyat showing BTX, which works from the time is known. Negative "heart" veche sa se flooded enough. What is the additional dotted blue section, it is automatically related to the key with a rated current of up to 32 A. If the machine is powerful, then the tazi section is not foreseen.

Nai-general ce zapoznahme with the concept for characterization at the current time. In any case, the trace of the kato vidahme graph on VTX, yup and fit. Let's go ahead and characterize the work on the prekshvachite. Let's buy two ABs for different current ratings, for example, 16 and 25 A, and look at the technical VTX graphics, but we'll be out of it - the graphics of the sad ednakvi. Why?

Fact e, the characteristics for the current in the time do not depend on the rated current, but on the type of current. Ima almost duzina takiva species, but every day they use three - B, C and D. If you bought cars from the type (see the section “Explanation on the designation of this on the front panel”), then they imat the BTX.

With the characteristics for the time of the current, it is clear. Let us analyze what is necessary for protection.Izbrahme automatic machine for the necessary rated current – and get ready. But it’s not a fact that you buy machines with a nominal current that work correctly within a defined margin. Yes, let's assume that we supply an input that exceeds 32 A with a characteristic current at time B and introduce two lines into the apartment, which are connected through a sixty-amp machine type D.

Vznikna kaso connection one by one from the line and powerfully, automatically entering the device to earn money for us, from the second line. And 16-ampere, standing on the line at the caso connection, stop is on. Why? There is some way to look at the tabelata on the dependence on the current on the prekvane (the current on the switch on the electromagnetic release):

Machine type Current on the preswana B3Inom - 5Inom ° С5Inom - 10Inomд10Inom - 20Inom

Obviously, not everything happened strangely - the current for the caso connection on the machine beat 25 A little by little from 16 amps. Here is the result. This may or may not happen in time on pre-production, or if VTX is on thermal release, depending on the type of machine. Selectivity (consistency on exclusion) is not more saved and excel using it in sinful red.

On the white. What does it mean to stop the species K, Z, S and others, from crawling into the industry, according to the principle of vsichko, something more badly shown in grief, erno and tyah. The only thing is that technical time-current characteristics are standardized from another document - GOST 50030.2 (for types B, C, D commodities GOST R 50345-2010).

Tova e vsichko for exalted. Now you know how to subdivide these devices, how to distinguish between si and for what purpose. Correct selection on AB – veche is not a problem.

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