How to properly install electrical cables in the kitchen
Cuisine representing in a golyamata is often from a consumiranoto natovarvane. Tova, lie on the power of domakinsky uredi. That's right, before you start working on the cabling in the kitchen, making a detailed project. Tazi article describes how to properly prepare and select materials, and draw up a plan for cable installation in accordance with the requirements for regulatory and technical documentation, and correct the installation work.
Containment: 1. Step 1: Prepare your materials 2. Step 2: Prepare a plan and diagram 3. Step 3: Installed on the electrical cabling 4. Conclusion
Step 1: Prepare your materials
Yes, I ate. cable in the kitchen and installed without any problem, tryabva and prepare everything in advance.
Tova iziskva:
- Clean the premises, remove the furniture and other equipment, do some work on the installation.
- Skip tapeti or other types of wall coverings, hindering your work.
- Check the status on the old cable car, which is what it is.
The trace is completed on the first two points from the plan, checking the status of the previously accounted transaction. The term for exploitation for isolation on cable is limited. Toya is up to 30 years old for a hidden kabelyavane and up to 20 years old for an open kabelyavane. Insulation starts to destroy its properties over time. Comrade can bring to koso union and fire.
Predi tova in the kitchen imash malko domakinski uredi. Therefore, the old kabelevane veche nyama, yes, yes, spend the nat varvaneto, for yes work. mnogobroyni modern electrically uredi.
Another factor, leading to a fire, is a little contact resistance on the conductor, especially when the stav is succumbed. Over time, over time, it forms an oxide film, which leads to heating up to the connection.
Figure 1. Destruction of insulation on an electrical cable
If it’s old-fashioned, yama, and if it’s installed on a new one, then it can be excluded from storage and left in the stenat. Tärsyat location tomu with a special signaling device or indicator.
Figure 2. Namirane device on screed cables
Which cable do you choose
The reliability of the equipment is directly dependent on the selection of the cable. For the sake of high humidity and temperature in the kitchen sighuren is required for selection on electrical cables.
For reliable protection of the cable, tryabva yes, with double or triple insulation. Maybe yes with aluminum or copper conductors. Osventova is all types of cable and both predominance and lack.
- Aluminum cable and hi-distribute cable for good cabling. That tezhi little by little and the stream a little by copper from these colleagues. In a short time, due to a high electrical resistance to aluminum, conduct on such a cable imate a clear cross-section from the tow to the cable with honey. In combination with low resistance on the cable, it is difficult to mount on the cable.
- Medniyat cable e-skyp, but spent on a lot of zavoi. The area on a straight section is slightly from the basin to the cable with aluminum, for the sake of kindness, the indicator for specific electrical resistance.
According to the study on the PUE, cable, position in the fence, shaking and breaking from the copper conductor.Please refer to SP 256.1325800.2016 for use on products with conductive conductors, made from aluminum alloys from class 8176 and 8030, but electricians are rarely used. Tova lie on the fact that you are old aluminum conductors byah krehki, venite can and they will feel dory in time for the installation process, so electrical engineering "from old memory" does not trust aluminum. In addition, contact on the accessory for cabling most copper or messing. Tova can be brought to the vloshavane on contact by time for work.
Figure 3. PUE clause 7.1.34.
For the kitchen, it is imperative that you choose a cable from the VVGng-LS or NYM (NUM) type.
These protect cables with copper conductors for installation in dry and wet places. VVG cable with PVC insulation and sheath. On the cable NYM (NUM) insulation on the core and sheathing from the PVC compound, and the space between the cores is filled with special gum.
Is there a special research team to illuminate the bodies and make contact?
When choosing a contact, there is no special research, with an exception for the presence of an additional grounding contact. Nai-kindness decision if you choose such a nest, which has a ceramic base, and contact the work of bronze or plating with calai. For painting the contact resistance NS Tryabva NS will be pressed down with a spring.
It is expedient to install and separate the contact for all powerful electrically. For safekeeping at Domakinsky, from a low power (coffee machine, kettle, mixer and similar devices) over a raft on a masata, this is a block of two or three nests. For yes, they will generate power electrically, they are expected to be installed on contacts, designing for a suitable current.
Optimal in the kitchen, the choice of contact and key without zabelezhimo pokknali elementi on tyaloto. On the contrary, it can be even difficult to clean it from filth and soot, which is inevitably more natrupvat varhu tyah.
From the correct choice and location on the lamp, not the convenience itself in the kitchen depends, but also the safety in cooking. Can you please read more about the selection of lamps in the kitchen and for characterizing the location depending on the size of the flock in the basinarticle... More information is not provided by the rules of this organization for clarification in the kitchenknock.
Step 2: Prepare a plan and diagram
Please provide a schematic diagram of how the electrician is also located in the kitchen, where it determines the location for the installation on the equipment.
Figure 4. Location on the electric uredi in the kitchen
It is planned, for some reason, on the installation on the kitchen unit or in the gradation of the uredi and electrically warded, it is not enough to determine the number and cross-section of the cables for the calculation of the protective devices.
For yes, send tov, tryabva, yes send the following:
- Determine whether the apartment has a single-phase or three-phase security system. In the second variant, it is cabled all the time, there is a significant reserve for power for connection to energy-intensive consumers.
- Calculate the maximum power for the electric wires, connected at the same time. Stand on the power of the tryabva and take it from the passport for any device and yes, sumirat.
Where you can and where you can’t, put your contacts
Seek for installation on the garden contact given in chapter 6.6 of the PUE. Those tryabva yes sa on the high ground, convenient for connecting to devices, but not more than 1 m from the hearth.Se amirat nests from the gas pipeline at a distance of at least 0.5 meters. Select the models of the curtain protection system. Good option - crawl to the nests, hide in a working raft or in a keeler.
Water data can be more widely contacted and electrically connected near to the mivkat. Therefore, when determining the location on the installer on the contact, they lead from the search for chapter 7.1 of the PUE and GOST R 50571.7.701-2013. In the abstract, the room is divided into three zones. The zonata to the scoop at a distance of 60 cm is vertically and horizontally limited from the width to the scoop belonging to zone 2.
Eligibility for electrical wares, depending on the zonite, is included in paragraph 7.1.47 of the PUE and summarized in Table 1.
Mounting on electrical contacts for electrical safety is far from mivkat and pechkat, at a distance of at least 60 cm. So put the installation on the nests under the mivkat, they will choose the taqiva, which is a degree of protection for protection against penetration into the moisture nai-little IP 44.
When choosing for distribution to the nest, all the possibilities are excluded for hanging on the conductors from the electrical outlet. Electric uredi not shaking yes sa on the wall from 1 meter from the contact. Foreseeing a separate line for connecting to the power of the electrically owned.
Extension and trinity were avoided during the design, for avoiding a fire.
Figure 5. Extension cable is lit
How do you trim the body
Correctly put on a lamp in the kitchen, not only allow barzo and safely cook food, but also osiguri coziness and comfort.Osventa's brightness on the bright light for the zonate, having cooked it all, and for the meal is different.
Figure 6
Illuminate the bodies at the location in accordance with the requirements for regulatory and technical documentation. You can read more about the choice of lamps and how to organize lighting in the kitchen. knock.
How and where to install cable lines
When choosing a method on the assumption, the foresight of the study on the PUE will be taken into account.
Figure 7. PUE clause 7.1.39
According to the research on PUE, the cable can be laid on the screen starting in the kitchen of the apartment. Once you choose the type of cable, you will foresee the impact on the wager and the high temperature in the kitchen. Such is the influence of the top electrical cable, which can lead to premature damage to the insulation and cause a fire for the sake of the connection.
Ako ima is a tavana, the electric cable is open to the precarva of the tavana. According to the research on Clause 7.1.38 of the PUE, the same is considered to be Skrit.
Figure 8. PUE clause 7.1.38
In this case, you can hurry up the time and bet for the sake of the fact that it is supposed to be cabled for the shortest time. Osvent tov is protected from mechanical damage.
Figure 9
You can direct and hide the electrical installations, so get the cable in the kitchen to tawana. In case of tosi, the method for installation is using special pipes, rakavi or cutia.
For the hidden electrical cabling in the kitchen, you need to preliminarily cut out the wall, and the children are still supposed to be cabled. With this method, on the basis of the cable, cables are laid in the cable, which traces all the cement.Next to the top of the groan se nanasya finishing coat.
When designing on a hidden cable, it is not possible to plan a location on a slab close to 15 cm from the tavan. It’s supposed to be on a line close to 10 cm from the opening on the aperture and turn. It is not allowed to kill on the line in the vicinity of 40 cm from the gas pipe.
Zabranyava all izvarshvaneto on sanctions in carry walls on gradata. Tova mozhe and cast a healthy on the construct. When dressed up on the walls of the length and width, they are not shaking and hanging from the top of 25 mm. The maximum possible rowing length is not trembling and overhanging 3 m.
One of the options is for hidden cabling and does not rely on cables on the bottom.
Tozi method ima your predstavleniya: Oshigurena e high fire safety. The cable is in concrete putty and there is material nearby that will ignite it. The risk of damage to the cable is minimal. Difficulties in detecting damage to cables. Wrinkled cables can cause problems.
Where e nay is a good place for installation in kutia
Places for installation on the diverter cuties are selected at a distance of 15 to 30 cm under the nivoto on the tavana. Osventova, how to plan and install open or open a tavan, try and think beforehand how and organize access to it. For yes, this osiguri is hopefully stored, distribute the kutia tryabva periodically and boil it and check the status on the contact.
Depending on the choice of the method for laying on an electrical cable, a switchgear kutia semontir in a special niche or a wall above the surface. Ako kutiyata is covered from tapet, its location is marked for a convenient start.
Distributors cutia or switch in cutia for contacts
When designing on an electrical cable, in any case, dilute the wires, they will make and wire all the perversions in the wire for contacts. Tosi is a method of allowing you to forestry and have access to contact you at any time. Tova is not a premahvane surreptitiously covered.
Once you draw up the electrical circuit in the kitchen, try and try to paint on the broy at distribution, answering the conditions of cutia. Ideally, like any line, which is removed from the distribution board, terminated with a separated contact or directly connected to an electrical outlet. Understanding this, in practice it is difficult even to organize electrical cabling for reasons of local conditions or for economic reasons.
Figure 10. Mounting on the electric cable car in the kitchen with the help of a diverter
The use on the pre-switch in the cutia after the contact allowed optimal distribution on the material and more osiguri forest access to the contact. For yes, send Comrade, you can, yes, you can use the ass to get out of the mechanism. Some of these people use special problems of contact, but there is a free place in the stenata.
Figure 11
A friend started by organizing a connection on a contact and crawling onto a block from the nest.In this case, you cannot install the exit from the cutie for the contacts, but rather use the distributive cutie. Parsing this, the free space of this shutter is a special chip.
Figure 12
Whenever you use this method on the linkage, try first and intelligently figure out the location on the line, depending on the merchandise.
Wiring diagram
The preparatory work has been completed with the help of a diagram on the electric cable in the kitchen. To show cable lines, contacts and keys.
Figure 13. Location on the electric uredi in the kitchen
When putting on the electrical diagram in the kitchen, it is foreseen that the cable lines will be laid along the route, the layout is vertical and horizontal. It is taken away and placed on the pisti in a dha or diagonally.
When calculating on a schematic, it is important not to foresee the need for a front line, but even to divide it into separate groups. Line sa groupirani in a group somehow according to the conditions on the natovarvane, and also according to the type of electrical power of the Ibors ... Light the devices sa include in a separate group, sometimes a treabva and a place connected to a preksvach in an electric scoreboard.
The device is from a low capacity, but the cash in the kitchen is in large quantities and, in response, the consumer is significantly more merchandise, so the combination in the group for the connection of the km is a separate machine in the scoreboard. In order to protect the power of the electrical equipment, foresee separate lines that will connect to the machine.
Next, you have decided to select the power supply for the device and distribute it into separate groups based on the diagram, so you can select automatic switches and a residual current device (RCD) installed in the distribution panel.
Figure 14. Wiring diagram example
Vz is based on the received power by choosing a straight section on the cable, for some reason it was used when laying on the cable. For correct determination of the straight section on the cable, depending on the type and method on the basis of the use of the table, refer to chapter 1.3 on the PUE.
Figure 15. Allowable continuous current for copper cables
When choosing a straight section on the core on the cable, take it foreseeable, see the table, take for the air temperature from +25 ° C, and the temperature on the core on the cable is +65 ° C. If necessary, use special programs for calculating the straight section on the conductor, foreseeing the length of the cable.
Schemes on the svarzvane in the diverter kutia
Whenever you correct the electrical cabling behind the kitchen, use it to follow the wiring diagrams on the contact in the diverter cutia.
Figure 16. Scheme on the connection for the connection on the contacts 
Figure 17
The correct cross-section on the cable and the rating on the machine for the electric stove
The electric stove is not subject to the manufacturer's instructions according to the PUE and SP 256.1325800.2016 instructions.
According to the inquiry at point 7.1.34 from PUE, cables with copper conductors can even be used for cabling. When connected to an electric stove, you will be charged foreseeing the examination SP 256.1325800.2016.
Figure 18. SP 256.1325800.2016 v. 10.2
Ako is stored on an electric stove single-phase, the cable is pulled and has three cores: phase, zero and earth - PE conductor. When using a three-phase cable mesh for an electric stove, the winding and winding wires are: three phases (A, B, C), neutral and PE conductor.
The heater is not connected through a separate electrical conduit, which does not need to be combined from the line behind the storage on the contact or behind the connection on the lighting conductor.
For protection on the basin, the line in the shield and the mountiran is separated by a prekswach, intended for rated current, consumiran from an electric stove, with the answer VTX.
Scheme and research k'm ate. scoreboard
The next selection for a straight section on the cable and the location for the nest for the end in the kitchen is determined by the diagram on the electrical panel. Osventova, as there is a lot of electrical equipment in the kitchen, you can install a separate panel, which can also be connected to the apartment panel. Insects of a group of electrical conductors in the distribution board of protection from separated prekvach.
Behind the panel, it is necessary to foresee the installation of an input pre-switch and a device for residual current or differential pre-switch. Ratingt tryabva and responses to the general natovarvane on the electric uredi. Take it apart, comrade, increase it apart, but if the insulation is damaged and tokt iztich, RCD can also be turned off and saved and save the stomach. You will agree that this is much more important from the economic justification for choosing an accessory for the shield.
Step 3: Installed on the electrical cabling
Mounted on an electrically wired ground, then you can make sure that there is no electric current at work. You can hardly trace the tov and bury the process.
Before you install it on the electrical cable in the kitchen, the markings are correct on the wall in accordance with the diagram. Izvrshva se sas construction moliv and line.
Ako ima laser nivo, you can use it too. The main thing is good visibility on the marking line.
Figure 19. Decoration for the kitchen
Marker trace, as an option was chosen for the hidden cable, send special channels to the walls - punishment. For Comrade Kindly, use special persecutors with a rewarded system for removing them to dust. When lipsa on takiva, the tools are limited to summer and chuk. With the Tosi method, spread over time and the effort will increase significantly.
Figure 20. Frames in the wall
Prepare the trace of the catho tape for the cabling, tryabva and break through the hollows for the installation on the contact, key and diverter cutia. Ima special perforirani coroni. When it is tyahno, the absence of a dupkat breaks through with a drill and expands with a summer and a chuk.
The next adventure is to work on the construction on the zhlebov and break through the trembling and be completed, but do not damage the insulation on the cable and other equipment.
Permissions for methods of connection to conductors
When bonding to cables and conductors, in accordance with the request for paragraph 2.1.21 of the PUE, special staples, crimping or welding are used, for yes, all oshiguri are reliable contact. When connected to contacts and lighting devices, leaving a small margin of conductor in accordance with paragraph 2.1.22. P.U.E.
Can you teach more for tova how to twist conductors in tova video:
How to fix the conductors - in a corrugated or on a sheaf of staples
Depending on the choice of method on the cabling, cable this fixirat in corrugated pipes or cuts for dowels and staples.
When crawling on a hidden cable, as the cable is put in the line, you will have to stegnati, the corrugation is wounded, the appearance of the cable is not from crawling. Depending on local conditions, you can either deviate from this rule.
It is fixed on the corrugated pipe with a special plastic block from the bracket, which allows you to fix it at the same time and slightly to the velpapa pipe.
As for all of them, relying on cables in a metal collar, for fixing it, they use metal brackets. The size on the staple is a ripple and answers to the diameter on the arm.
Conclusion
It is perfectly possible to install electrical cables in the kitchen with your own home. Tazi article describing the steps to work. If you need experience and need tools, sealing is a must and should be checked by a professional. In this case, you can significantly speed up time and bet, which is more likely to be used up for deferment to sins.