Application for lighting for premises and workplaces

It's hard to see, but get lost. In case of any deviation from the norm, it is sure to react, but not with headache, then with a scream in the eyes. The maximum amount of work per person has been achieved, but no amount for illumination at work places of correspondence to the standard for illumination for specific working conditions. Sanitary and hygiene studies for lighting for the industry of the premises, characterize for which work lighting is planned, choose from specialists and check ahead. Zatova nay-kindness, something you can direct it, but don’t get it right, but hurry up from the saints or open your bike, but use it to prepare arguments for SanPiNs and SNiPs.

Containment: 1. Basic regulatory and technical documents 2. Kakvi sa normite and izkvaniyata 3. How can you take foresight 4. What is the adaptive system for clarification 5. Calculating the illuminance for the work area, using a real example 6. For the sake of it, it's important Professionally planned lighting system osiguryava visoko nivo for comfort for a better vision in a worker

Basic regulatory and technical documents

Whenever you plan a location for a specific location, try and imagine for a documentary base, sometimes you can call it, sometimes take design solutions. And dori without asking questions for the globes or supervising the commandments, Makar Chetova is unpleasant.Spazvanet for hygiene research for industrial lighting, more help for support for wellness for the value of employees in the office. You can’t sacrifice well for the sake of sadness for any friend. This is an alternative, learning to keep it on the standard, you can truly protect your innocence in a conflict situation with the employer.

For yes, you are sure that there are problems with svetlinat in the office and production, it’s enough for you to know the basic research on the regulatory and technical act:

• Decommission to GOST R 55710-2013. GOST is a commodity standard and at present the law, therefore, it is often on the list in the Gornata. In this case, the D'rzhavniyat standard regulates the distribution of light in the fence. - from terminite, crawling to iskvaniyat for clarification at the work site, standardize and methodize for measuring.
• Research on SNiP 23-05-95 for natural and artificial light in the construction. The document is valid in the updated edition on SP 52.13330.2016. Build the rules in detail and specify the rules for GOST.
• Hygiene studies for industrial lighting, installations from SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03 natural, artificial and combined light flow in residential and public buildings (SanPiN 1.2.3685-21).

The last document in the list, despite the “sanitary” name, is the only one from the most important. Attitude to this, do not talk about razoredby trebva and bjde nay - seriously. SanPiN, or Sanitary Rules and Regulations, setting criteria for safety and harmlessness for every common law.

SanPiN establishes the defining documents for the dispute, ask, contact with the light on the office premises.The technical effect is all attributable to everything, without excluding the premises, in which they work or are still working, regardless of the nature of the activity and the degree of completion of the construction or the expulsion.

In addition to the above, chosen in the definition for clarification, it is used to decompose on the industrial standard for artificial clarification. Those are dependent on the specialization of the organization, occupying your health and safety working conditions, depending on the specific working conditions, the complexity of the operation, and the goods on the organization for sight.

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Kakvi sa normite and izkvaniyata

Regardless of the nature of the action on the servant, I choose nothing for the illumination in the room, so that I can avoid unnecessary goods on the organ for vision, and at some time, and this is the task of osiguri performance. Therefore, before you choose the place for the execution of your service duties, they will determine the condition and characterize the production process:

• They establish the necessary accuracy on the operation, the size on the object, with some treabva and work. Is the increase in the spectator's scream at the minister depending on the nature of the perverted work?
• Determine the optimal amount of lightening for the work area.
• By setting this influence on the performance and performance on the body lighting, planning for installation, top vision on the worker.
• The curve of this influence on the characteristics of the room, design on the wall and tavana.

All the misfortunes of the factory, directly or indirectly, can improve or instill the quality of light in the work area. The main thing is to determine the moment of stability on the standard for lighting at work in specific conditions.The value is more developed experimentally for different categories of space, some of which I direct to be properly standardized from industrial documents and SanPiN.

Accuracy class for work

The standardization of firmness and brightness for lightness in the working area will change depending on the class for the accuracy of the operation. Dimensioned on a part and freed from visual work, it will take foresight under the conditions for working from a natural or artificial source to a light stream, a shovel on a padan to a light stream.

If so, send two corrections, which will report on the characteristics of the lighting body, the coefficient on the pulsiran on the light flux and the color temperature is not too good.

Kakvo e KEO - coefficient for natural light

According to the norm on SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03, the place is constantly on the ward for a servant, and it has been cleared from daylight. In a contrary case, cleanly, they will kill the barzo and eyesight - witticism is ruining, work is needed. Efficiency natural light on the area on the execution on the labor of the debt ce normalized with the average cost on the KEO. Please refer to Table 2 on Chapter 2 on SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03 for the solubility of your choice.

in the office

For the office of the commercial premises, equating to the non-production premises, in which the personnel work constantly, the standard of definition from SP 52.13330.2016 SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278-03. Iziskvaniya kjm artificial lightening work the places of the task in table 2 on chapter 2 on SanPiN under the format on the norm, indicators for discomfort and pulsation on the source for light.

For example, depending on the nature of the activity on the servant and the size of the premises, setting:

• For the office, someone work on the equipment for the alteration of drawings, graphic work, proofreading for the charter, a copy for the documentation, standard - 500 lx.
• Behind the golem is an office of the flock with minimal barriers and barriers, dividing walls from furniture, the standard is 400 lx.
• For places, equipment with office equipment with constant work on a computer, the norm is 200-300 lux.

Help the office premises sa standardize disputed categories for permitted work. Behind the conference hall, some ministers or attendants can put everything and know everything from documents, the norm is 200 lux. For stalls, halls, warehouses, archives, warehouses, these are painted up to 50-75 lux.

Whenever using natural or combined type of clarification, table 2 from SanPiN defines the minimum standards for working and locally disputed coefficients of KEO, M and KNS:

• For mining, the location on the source in the light or using a combined scheme averages KEO and rent a little 3%, for design and hospitality - 4%.
• With a page subsection on light sources for office and hospitality, KEO is not standardized at least 1.0% and 1.5%.

Ako se using a combined scheme for clarification, togawa for an ordinary KEO office - a little 1.8%, for an office for drawing - 2.4% in the case of a hearth or a combined version. the cost of KEO for office and hospitality is up to 0.6% and 0.9%, respectively.

In production

Industrial lighting work is different from office work in terms of size per bed.It is difficult to design a system from body lighting, technium broy and location of disputes for the office, lighting in rooms from high places, but for work places, space is requested and uneven distribution on light potocy.

Therefore, the standard for lighting in the industry of the premises is to install documents from the industry, which will be taken foreseen by GOST R 55710-2013 and SNiP 23-0-2010. For an approximate design on the system, they will use the GOST data or will report back for lighting on the premises and workspaces at the department of documents. For example, VSN 196-83 "Industrial standards for the design of art lighting for the main shops and industrial enterprises at the Ministry of Transport."

All in all, similar to documents, they apply a single approach - standardize everything in packages for different production areas, depending on the intensity of visual work and the type of activity.

For places with powerful and dimensional equipment, located in the closure of the room, setting a general degree of illumination for the work area.

For industrial production For workshops and swearing, which is not related to mechanical engineering

Work places on the technological lines, assembly lines and in the machine park of wine and equipment with additional local lighting under the format on table or hanging lamps. Therefore, clarification, depending on the refinement of the operation, is standardized by the double method:

• Common stamina in the work area. By adding locally and globally lightening, for yes, define it.
• General lighting in the production area.

As a matter of fact, work is not a work of local clarification, then normalize showing general clarification in a worker.

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How can you take foresight

In all non-residential premises, in which there is a permanent choir, equipped with three independent systems:

• Work lighting for the necessary amount of light on the spot, determination for the performance of the service debt.
• The duty of the system, who will illuminate the infrastructure and work space in the premises before non-working hours.
• Emergency lighting. The product includes back-up lighting and evacuation systems, which will provide lighting on routes for safe evacuation of personnel from work places.

Important! For safe evacuation in the corridors and on the way out of the light, there is no trouble and only a small amount of 5% of the total.

Not enough, but choose the design to illuminate the bodies in flocks. Ordinary takiva system and not sa nai-kind for lighting in the work area. It is useful, yes, you know how the additional system is divided into working clarification. On the contrary, the case of efficiency from crawling to the source on the bright crack of the bottom.

Starting at the stage for clarification, then the system is divided into pages and hearths. Page lighting at work area is equipped with translucent and vertical fluorescent lamps. Gornata se formira is mainly from tavanni lampi and DS lampi. First of all, the effectiveness of clarification at work depends on the shovel and on the padan on the light stream. Secondly, sharply more brightly and two in the work area from various stubbles, sensibly illuminating in an effective way.

Species clarification

Ima two main types of lightening. Tova e is a sunny or daylight light, it is named in the regulation of natural light. The second type is an artificially bright stream from an electric lamp from any design.Nai-chesto for working places, linking with the execution of this for precise operations, all use the combination of systems, in which and two types of all use at the same time.

Dnevnata svetlina ima nay is a full spectrum, and koveshto’s eye nay is kindly adapted to the natural svetlina. Osventova slanchevata svetlina e po-evtina. For yes, organize effective lighting at the work site, just try the right way, direct the glass, open it in tavanite and wall on the flocks.

Nay-golyam bring for lighting, osiguryavayki comfortably stay at the sight, ima lampata in the vicinity of the work area. Accuracy on the operation, performance per person and unpreparedly healthy kato tsyalo depend on the product exactly right choice of model and source for light for local clarification.

Lightening

In optics, the concept is used for a light stream. I measured it in the lumen. For this, get a bright stream from 1 lm, spread evenly in the saplings on a conditional sphere, you need a source for 1 candela.

But if you soak the light in one shoal, for example, on the top of the plain, then you get a concept for clarification. On the other hand, the stream from the light, erupted from the source with a certain power with a conical shape in one shovel, falling under the format on the petno top of the illuminated plain.

The formula for lighting is E \u003d F / S, for example, the numerator is the flux in the lumen, and the denominator is the area per petnoto in square meters. For a stream of 1 lumen and a loop of 1 m², the luminosity is equal to one lux.

Ako the light source is linearly removed from the plain, togava illuminance is even less moderately quadratic dependence.It is simply shown that the distance is more increased by three five, the illumination is reduced to ninety five.

Poznavayki need to lighten the work area, the area is rough, and in the forest, yes, determine the need for a light stream and power for the lamp.

color temperature

Tazi characteristic can be seen on packaging for any lamp. The color temperature determines the energy content of the light stream. Kolkoto in a high energy on the vlnata, sensible in the cold of the reception of light and in a high e neinata temperature.

More details can be read knock.

Studena byala, shinkava svetlina and two from LED modules and fluorescent lamps. In-fuel and in-popular light stream se osiguryava from halogen and modern "fuel" LEDs.

Read this: which svetlina e nai - good for clear: fuel or studen

Halogenite and lamp from a hot spot from a high power sa nai-suitable for a work place, some work is a very precise job. The optimal solution for additional lighting is LEDs and LDS.

Adjustability

It is difficult to eat and plan the lighting system, so it is convenient for the illumination of the working area and it fits perfectly into the sanitary and hygiene standards. Consequently, the lighting was drawn for local clarification and systematization for the general background clarification of the turbulence and the ability to regulate the brightness on the light stream and scatter on the unfinished padan on the work area.

In terms of tosi, it’s possible that they’ll solve the problem in a little way:

• Splash electricity on a sunny day and back - you will need to get the necessary amount of light for cloudy time, in conditions for short winter days.
• Just adapt it to the choveshkite organ and to your eyesight. In the beginning, it’s crumpled, as a rule, nothing on light is minimal.At the edges of the working day, the viewer's sharpness is painted, it is necessary to increase the illumination by lightness, in order to maintain the quality and accuracy of the action.

Adjustment to the lighting system is not required in the production of a robe. Otherwise, the case of concealing the ashes and exhausting the resource from the LED lamp or LDS will significantly increase the illumination in the room for the worker.

Nuance when choosing a lamp

In production conditions for working clarification, all use fluorescent lamps and halogen lamps. But in the room there is enough daylight and the work of all the perverted sentry itself, the LDS may be refused.

In the closure of the working woman, with an afternoon work schedule, it is necessary to additionally turn on the halogen lamps on the "fuel". They will exchange the illumination, give a more saturated spectrum for radiation, close to daylight. For local clarification, all lamps are used from the fuel of light. Change the LED bulbs with the "top" spectrum in skype and, most importantly, the technical spectrum is still not very convenient for the eyes.

General lighting in the office is based on LED technology and body lighting. Do not be capricious about LDS, it gives a stable light without treptene, some of it is enough for a job and an auxiliary job is closed. For local clarification, you can use the lamps or lamps with a confused reflector.

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What is the adaptive system for clarification

Manually regulated on temperature - color and brightness on the light stream - giving a good effect, but in practice it is difficult to apply it to work. For now, this concept has appeared for Human Centric Lighting with automatic adjustment and adaptation on the LED potocyte, especially on the human eye on the work area.

The structure on the eye is takawa, the maximum stress on the organ in the eyesight is comprehended at a light temperature of 4000-6000 K. When lowered to 2700-3300 K, the muscle on the eyeballs and retinata will be partially released. Cyclic change in the temperature parameters and on the light flow allow you to clean it and fix it and install it.

The system for adapting the light can dramatically and change people's perception for images and real objects. For example, the Tunable white system will automatically change the color temperature in the office, depending on the necessary psychological mood on the employee. In blue-byalata, Svetlina Khorata stares and sits aggressively. What is needed is a friendly atmosphere, automation of flooding the backlight.

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Calculating the illuminance for the work area, using a real example

Let's calculate some characteristics for an office with artificial lighting for the room with fluorescent lamps. Calculation is a perversion according to the method on the light stream. At the first location, I will make a plan for the location on the main elements.

Dimensions per room: A = 3 m, B = 5 m, H = 3 m; Wall and tavanite with a white matte finish, reflective ability - 80%. For a floor with a matte floor, a reflection coefficient of 30%.

For the calculation of the use of the formula for the light stream

Sometimes F e luminous flux in lm, E e minimum illuminance for working with a computer, in this case E = 300 lux. Osventova S = 15 m2 e area per room, Z e coefficient for deviation from the average luminosity (selected according to SNiP 23-05-95, in this case Z = 1.1).K e safety factor for painting on a light stream for the sake of a request for lampat, the acceptance is equal to 1.5.

Calculating the index per flock according to the formula

From the table, we determine the coefficient on the use of the light stream, n = 0.53. The substitutes are numbered in the formula for the light flux, the curve is not very good at a degree of illumination of 300 lux. Okazva se (300 * 1.5 * 15 * 1.1) / 0.53 = 14009 lm. That is, for a flock of 15 m2, a light flow of 14009 lm is needed, for yes, clarification clarification with a speed of 300 lux. Svetlinniyat flow for a single LB40-1 e 4320 lm. Divide the total flow into costs per LDS. Showing 4 lamps.

The problem can be solved by the reverse of the beginnings. For example, we know the light on the lamp and the flow for the unit, we get the general light flow for the office with these characteristics. Instead of the value of the value on the coefficient and the total flow in the formula, the calculation of the real value of the value on the illuminance in the room.

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For the sake of it, it's important

Ima cause a lot for spazvane on the standard for illumination on the work area. Parvo, tova se isskva from razporedbite on the standard for protection at work. All the same, the manager agreed to clean up the lightening for the work place, for avoiding the world or the mess. Secondly, with insufficient lightening, the quality of the work falls sharply. And the most important thing: if it is properly organized, clarification is not in itself healthy, but it also has a positive effect on the top of the visual acuity and misery on the minister.

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