Purpose and type of headlights for cars
Title: Zokli 
With the development of the automotive industry, the industry is developing and technology for lightening. Buy cars with kerosene and fuel oil, but the rule for safety is to increase the brightness and focus on light. As a result, a variety of lighting devices with different power and purpose appeared on the product. In order to prevent incorrect installation, the lamp is based on a car lamp and is designed in various ways.
Containment: 1. The concept of something and the function on the basis 2. Decoded for labeling by family 3. Designation on the lamp and technology type 4. How can we determine the type of capaccha by having a lampata? 5. Including all sockets for LED lamps
The concept of something and the function on the basis
Classification into socles by type and purpose
Connect electrically from the source to the light byah and connect to the cable with the help of screws and inserts. The tosi method on a fixed e is inconvenient and complicates the crushing of an unsuccessful element. Having broken into the region for clarification and development, then for Thomas Edison. Prez 1880 presenting his invention - lamp… Subsequently, many options appeared for incompatible sockets.
The main task is to nest and is based on food and isolator conduction and yes osiguri reliably fixed on the source to the light, and sometimes it crawls openly, and seals the headlight or ceiling. Material, from which it is directed, trebva and expend on toplin from the source to light and not deform, but contact the trebva and sa suitable for the power to the current and osigurevat hopeful injection.
The design of the car assumes the presence of various sources on the street. Everything from tyah ima is specific research for brightness, power and saturation for light lines. For the sake of the fact that superficially identical lamps may have different characteristics, the development of a standardized designation.
Decodirane on markran by family
On the territory of the OND, you can and intend 3 main standards, which will determine the type of capacitance for car lamps: three-dimensional (GOST 2023.1-88 and GOST 17100-79), European (IEC-EN 60061-1) and American (ANSI).
ANSI and IEC are compatible standards and abbreviations for products and for automotive brightening. Tova, which is somewhat different, e, a little bit strict research for the formation of light for the product, which is produced for American consumers. Such an autolamp is limited in the indicator for maximum power, since there is a risk of being blinded to the forthcoming means of fuss.
European
Nay-chesto sreschanata e European standardization. These conventional symbols will determine the type of lamp, for which the name of the standard capacitance:
- T (T4W) - mini lamp;
- W to the beginning (W5W) - car lamp without base;
- W trace the number to the edges (P21 / 5W, W3W) - power on the lamp in cotton.
- H (H1, H4, H6W) - halogen lamp;
- C (C5W) - soffit lamp, for some reason the symbol is not visible (10W);
- Y (PY21W) - orange lampshade;
- R (R5W) - with bulb 19 mm;
- P(P21W) - with a bulb of 26.5 mm.
For car lamps with designations R and P, base diameter 15 mm.
R2 (P45T) not used in the 50s and 70s. for farove. Don't use it now.When used on older vehicles, special adapters are used, which can be used on existing car tires (P43T).
Vtreshni
GOST 2023.1-88 was developed in time for the Soviet Union. The classification of mu on a car lamp is based on European standards, but the form is little known:
- A (A 12-21-3) - car;
- MN (AMN 24-3) - miniature;
- C (AC 24-5-1) - soffit;
- KG (AKG 12-45 + 40) - quartz halogen.
The number of the next letter shows the nominal voltage, and the number of the trace of the dash shows the power. The presence of something on the “+” sign indicates the presence of 2 body heaters (near / far), and the number indicates insufficient power. The trace of the second dash is the basis of a distinctive feature on the auto lamp.
Example for notation:
AKG 12-55 + 45-1 (H3) is a car quartz halogen lamp from category H3 with a nominal voltage of 55 W for the primary lamp and 45 W for the secondary, somewhat different from the base model. Similar to European car bulbs type H3, the same base PK22s and e are interchangeable.
Designation on the lamp and technology type
It is difficult to find a guide in home markings on sources for light, because they have information for the category, where some of them belong to the autolamp, and there is a lot of work for determining the type on the base without a table. This is for your preference and you will learn about the types and types of car crashes according to the IEC European classification.
Xenon
Krushkata on the takiva of an autolamp is filled with an inert gas (xenon), and the radiance is from an electric arc between a tungsten and an electrode.The high temperature increases the brightness to shine, and the color spectrum adds a blue tint (4600-6000 K).
Xenon lamp and imat unfocused light power. For the sake of focusing, see the use of special optics from bream. These faroves designations cato DC, DR and DCR. It was taken away from the source of the light in the exaltation of a means that is not the purpose of the commodity.
Halogen
Behind the headlights, quartz and halogen lamps are used. Colbite them with a halogen bet (bromine or iodine). The presence of this on gas allows you to raise the temperature on the gas pump up to 2700-3000 K and even prevent it from burning out on tungsten. Kasata spiral geometry is well-focused and the spectrum is bright, similar to natural light. Krushkata on the takiwa of the krushka is made from quartz glass.
Zhichka
From the appearance on the halogen car lamps, the classic lamps from the lit litter stop and all use this kind of main lightening on the car. In the evacuiranata, a flask from a silicate glass and a tungsten niche, some of which osiguryava blyak when heated. Under such conditions, the maximum temperature on the heating on the bobbinate is 2000 K, and for the sake of the golamat, the length on the heating element is difficult to achieve good focusing. The zhechkaemata is burnt out, and the tungsten is burnt out, hiding the surface of the surface on the glass.
LED
For the last few years, the light-emitting diode (LED) lamp has been widely used. The radiance in tyah vznikva for the sake of liberation on the photon from the semiconductor in time for the current is interrupted, and the spectrum on the emission of light is determined by the chemical composition. Lighting efficiency on a high power LED lamp can be 70-100 lm / W, some 5 five times higher than that on a halogen lamp.Versatility allows you to create lighting elements with any design and decoration. As a result, they can use all sorts of lighting systems to exalt means.
How can we determine the type of capaccha by having a lampata?
The corps on the lampata can be shown by the systematization for neuroto-connection from the durzhach to the lampata. Follow the view of the base for the automobile light source: flanged (P), symmetrical pin (BA), asymmetric pin (BAY, BAZ), soffit (SV), baseless (W). The last character in the marking showing the contact is: s (1), d (2), t (3), q (4), p (5).
When lips are on takava, the marking is tryabva and use the table:
Girth per applicationlamp typeBasic typeFarove and farove for the fogR2P45tH1 - read reviewsP14.5sH3 — read the reviewerPK22sH4 (near/far) P43tH7PX26dH8PGJ19-1H9PGJ19-5H11PGJ19-2H16PGJ19-3H27W / 1PG13H27W / 2PGJ13HB3P20dHB4P22dHB5PX29t Xenon light behind the headlight D1RPK32d-3D1SPK32d-2D2RP32d-3D2SP32d-2D3SPK32d-5D4RP32d-6D4SP32d-5 P21W- read the reviewerBA15sPY21WBAU15s / 19Dimensional lines, page markers and number plate lightsW5WW2.1 × 9.5dT4WBA9s / 14R5WBA15s / 19H6WPX26dTrash and luggage lighting10WSV8,5 T11x37C5WSV8.5 / 8R5WBA15s / 19W5WW2.1×9.5d
with flange
Flange the caps to be used behind the headlight on the car. Strict standards for the location of the bobbinate allow precise focusing on the lighter. Depending on the purpose of the nishkata, it can be navitated or spun on the reflector. For crawling in the farov for the mist, placing the bobbinate perpendicular to it.
Soffit
Soffit lamps of the gangway in the form of a low current.Tosi design allows for a flat nuance. Those are used for lighting on the interior, trunk, toad and registration cards.
glass bowl
Automatic lamps without base and low power 1-21 W and self-mounting in page lights, repeaters and tabla. Ima modification with a plastic base.
PIN
Pin lamps are widely used. Up to 20 hours of a source per day can be installed for one stake. Ima 3 modifications:
- Symmetrically undercut on the shield - transparent glass, 1 spiral.
- Shchift for otstvane on vysochina - transparent glass, 2 heating elements.
- Circle offset shift - orange glass, 1 niche.
Including all sockets for LED lamps
Due to the small size on the semiconductor, any arrangement on the LED lamp is possible. Those can and all are used somehow for lighting up on the scoreboard, and for lighting up on the head of the car. But for the power of the LED, it is necessary to passively (radiator) or actively (modulating with a fan) cooling, which makes it difficult to install on a base from a standard type. For yes, solve these problems, the basis is divided into 2 elements:
- frame with cooling system fixed on lampata;
- block with contacts and a driver for the conductor.
Tozi design on LED lamps guarantees compatibility with all kinds of existing bases.
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